Multi-digit multiplication and division (grade 5) · lesson

Multiply in parts

💡 Split the second number into tens and ones, multiply each part, then add.

To find 214 × 23, split 23 into 20 + 3.

Find 214 × 20 and 214 × 3. Add the two products to get the answer.

Story problems with rows, crates, or boxes work the same way.

🧠 Let's work it out

Find 214 × 23.

What do you think comes next?

💡 Take away big easy chunks of the divisor, then count how many you took.

Estimate first. Round the divisor to a friendly number to guess the size of the answer.

Take away a big chunk, like 50 groups. Then see how many more groups fit in what is left. Add the groups.

🧠 Let's work it out

Find 1,248 ÷ 24.

What do you think comes next?

💡 The story decides the leftover: drop it for full groups, or add one more group so nothing is left out.

If the story asks how many full groups, ignore what is left over.

If everyone must fit, like kids on buses, the leftovers need one more group.

🧠 Let's work it out

500 pencils go in boxes of 24. How many boxes hold every pencil?

What do you think comes next?